Technology |Zomwe Zimagwirizana ndi Makhalidwe a Polyurethane Flexible Foam

Kodi nchifukwa ninji pali mitundu yambiri ya thovu losinthasintha la polyurethane ndi ntchito zambiri?Izi ndi chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zopangira zopangira, kotero kuti katundu wa flexible polyurethane thovu zopangidwa ndi zosiyana.Kenako, zopangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga thovu la polyurethane flexible Kodi mtundu wa chinthu chomalizidwacho uli ndi zotsatira zotani?

1. Polyether polyol

Monga zida zazikulu zopangira thovu la polyurethane, polyether polyol imakumana ndi isocyanate kupanga urethane, womwe ndi momwe mafupa amagwirira ntchito.Ngati kuchuluka kwa polyether polyol kumawonjezeka, kuchuluka kwa zipangizo zina (isocyanate, madzi ndi chothandizira, etc.) kumachepetsedwa, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuyambitsa kapena kugwa kwa mankhwala a thovu a polyurethane.Ngati kuchuluka kwa polyether polyol kuchepetsedwa, chopangidwa chopangidwa ndi thovu cha polyurethane chokhazikika chidzakhala cholimba ndipo kukhazikika kumachepetsedwa, ndipo kumverera kwa manja kumakhala koyipa.

2. Wotulutsa thovu

Nthawi zambiri, madzi okha (mankhwala thovu wothandizila) ntchito monga thovu wothandizila popanga polyurethane midadada ndi kachulukidwe wamkulu kuposa 21g/cm3, ndi otsika otentha mfundo monga methylene kolorayidi (MC) ntchito otsika kachulukidwe formulations kapena kopitilira muyeso. -mapangidwe osavuta.Ma Compounds (zowomba mwakuthupi) amakhala ngati othandizira kuwomba.

Monga chowombera, madzi amachitira ndi isocyanate kupanga zomangira za urea ndikutulutsa kuchuluka kwa CO2 ndi kutentha.Izi ndizochita zowonjezera unyolo.Madzi akachuluka, m'pamenenso chithovucho chimachepa kwambiri komanso chimapangitsa kuti chikhale cholimba.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zipilala za selo zimakhala zochepa komanso zofooka, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yobereka, ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kugwa ndi kusweka.Kuonjezera apo, kumwa kwa isocyanate kumawonjezeka, ndipo kumasulidwa kwa kutentha kumawonjezeka.Ndizosavuta kuyambitsa kuyaka pachimake.Ngati kuchuluka kwa madzi kupitirira magawo 5.0, chinthu chotulutsa thovu chiyenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti chitenge mbali ya kutentha ndikupewa kuyaka pakati.Kuchuluka kwa madzi kumachepetsedwa, kuchuluka kwa chothandizira kumachepetsedwa, koma kachulukidwe ka thovu losinthika la polyurethane kumawonjezeka.

chithunzi

Wothandizira kuwomba amachepetsa kachulukidwe ndi kuuma kwa thovu losinthika la polyurethane.Popeza wothandizira kuwomba wothandizila zimatenga mbali ya anachita kutentha pa gasification, mlingo machiritso ndi m'mbuyo, choncho m'pofunika moyenerera kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa chothandizira;nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa gasification amayamwa mbali ya kutentha, kuopsa kwa pachimake kuwotcha amapewa.

3. Toluene diisocyanate

Polyurethane flexible thovu nthawi zambiri amasankha T80, ndiko kuti, kusakaniza kwa isomers ziwiri za 2,4-TDI ndi 2,6-TDI ndi chiŵerengero cha (80±2)% ndi (20±2)%.

Mlozera wa isocyanate ukakhala wokwera kwambiri, pamwamba pamakhala zomata kwa nthawi yayitali, modulus yopondereza ya thupi la thovu idzawonjezeka, mawonekedwe a netiweki a thovu amakhala olimba, cell yotsekedwa imawonjezeka, kuchuluka kwa kubweza kumachepa, ndipo nthawi zina. mankhwala adzasweka.

Ngati chiwerengero cha isocyanate ndi chochepa kwambiri, mphamvu zamakina ndi kulimba kwa chithovu zidzachepetsedwa, kotero kuti chithovucho chimakhala ndi ming'alu yabwino, yomwe pamapeto pake idzayambitsa vuto la kubwereza kosauka kwa ndondomeko ya thovu;Kuphatikiza apo, ngati index ya isocyanate ndi yotsika kwambiri, ipangitsanso kuti chipwirikiti cha thovu la polyurethane chikhale chachikulu, ndipo pamwamba pa chithovucho chimakhala chonyowa.

4. Chothandizira

1. Chothandizira chapamwamba cha amine: A33 (yankho la triethylenediamine yokhala ndi gawo lalikulu la 33%) imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo ntchito yake ndikulimbikitsa zomwe isocyanate ndi madzi zimachita, kusintha kachulukidwe ka thovu ndi kutsegulira kwa kuwira, ndi zina zotero. ., makamaka kulimbikitsa kuchita thovu.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa tertiary amine catalyst ndikwambiri, kumapangitsa kuti zinthu za thovu la polyurethane zigawike, ndipo padzakhala pores kapena thovu mu thovu;ngati kuchuluka kwa chothandizira chapamwamba cha amine kuli kochepa kwambiri, thovu lopangidwa ndi polyurethane lidzacheperachepera, ma cell otsekedwa, ndikupangitsa thovu kukhala pansi.

2. Organometallic catalyst: T-9 imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira cha organotin octoate;T-9 ndi chothandizira gel osakaniza ndi mkulu chothandizira ntchito, ndipo ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kulimbikitsa kachitidwe gel osakaniza, ndiko kuti, kenako anachita.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa chothandizira cha organotin kuchulukitsidwa moyenera, thovu labwino lotseguka la polyurethane limatha kupezeka.Kuonjezeranso kuchuluka kwa chothandizira cha organotin kumapangitsa kuti chithovucho chikhale cholimba pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa ndi kutsekedwa kwa maselo.

Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa tertiary amine chothandizira kapena kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chothandizira cha organotin kumatha kuonjezera mphamvu ya khoma la filimu ya polima kuwira pamene mpweya wambiri umapangidwa, potero kuchepetsa chodabwitsa cha hollowing kapena kusweka.

Kaya thovu la polyurethane lili ndi mawonekedwe abwino otseguka kapena otsekedwa-maselo makamaka zimadalira ngati liwiro la gel osakaniza ndi kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumayendera bwino pakupanga thovu la polyurethane.Izi zikhoza kutheka mwa kusintha mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa tertiary amine catalyst catalysis ndi kukhazikika kwa thovu ndi othandizira ena pakupanga.

Chidziwitso: Nkhaniyi yatengedwa kuchokerahttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/JYKOaDmRNAXZEr1mO5rrPQ (ulalo waphatikizidwa).Pokhapokha kuyankhulana ndi kuphunzira, osachita zina zamalonda, sikuyimira maganizo ndi malingaliro a kampani, ngati mukufuna kusindikizanso, chonde funsani wolembayo woyambirira, ngati pali kuphwanya, chonde tilankhule nafe nthawi yomweyo kuti tichite kukonza.